For example, MP4 is a container, and can hold different types of video compression, for example, MPEG-2 Part 2, MPEG-4 AVC, or HEVC, as well as audio (again compressed in a variety of formats) and metadata (for example subtitles). NOTE: It's important to distinguish between file container formats and compression formats, or codecs. If the video inside the MKV file is encoded as H.264 or AVC, re-encoding the file to H.265 or HEVC at the same bitrate could reduce the file size without losing image quality, but the user would also need to decide whether they needed to continue to wrap this video in a MKV file, or perhaps in a more widely supported file format such as MP4. Since MKV is a container format and HEVC is a compression format, converting from MKV to HEVC is a misnomer. HEVC files are rarely stored with the file extension.HEVC but are instead commonly wrapped within the file containers MOV or MP4. This compression format was designed as a successor to H.264, (Advanced Video Coding or MPEG-4 Part 10) and can compress data up to 50% more than AVC whilst retaining the same image quality. HEVC is a video codec abbreviated from High Efficiency Video Coding, is also known as H.265 or MPEG-H Part 2. MKV is rare in video file formats as it is completely open-source, and has wide support for integrated non-video elements, such as chapters, selectable video or audio streams, or subtitles embedded in a single file. Developed in Russia in 2002, MKV is a container format that stands for Matroska Video, taking the name from Russian nesting dolls or ‘matryoshka’.
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